There's a thread about DRM in single player games already.
And while it's true that there are a few games that only offer certain content when a connection (Galaxy for example) is active and a few less that are completely fucked up and would for example not save options (Saints Row 3 remaster) without Galaxy, it is a rule of GOG, that games must be playable offline.
Turok 2 I played without Galaxy and it works just fine.
No idea why Steam can't run them. Ask Valve.
1Byte2Bits: If I recall correctly, when you install games through Galaxy, the launch parameters of the games include starting up Galaxy first along with launching the game.
For the link on the desktop that is true.
The link in the game directory however ("Launch XYZ" does not include a Galaxy call).
It's a good suggestion in any case.